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What disabilities are covered by special education?

Author

Christopher Duran

Updated on March 19, 2026

What disabilities are covered by special education?

In order to qualify for special education, the IEP team must determine that a child has one of the following:
  • Autism.
  • Blindness.
  • Deafness.
  • Emotional Disturbance.
  • Hearing Impairment.
  • Intellectual Disability.
  • Multiple Disabilities.
  • Orthopedic Impairment.

In this regard, what disabilities are covered under IEP?

They are:

  • Autism.
  • Deaf-blindness.
  • Deafness.
  • Emotional disturbance.
  • Hearing impairment.
  • Intellectual disability.
  • Multiple disabilities.
  • Orthopedic impairment.

Beside above, what are the 13 disabilities covered by IDEA? To be covered, a child's school performance must be “adversely affected” by a disability in one of the 13 categories below.

  • Specific learning disability (SLD)
  • Other health impairment.
  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
  • Emotional disturbance.
  • Speech or language impairment.
  • Visual impairment, including blindness.
  • Deafness.

Keeping this in consideration, what is a disability in special education?

(1) Child with a disability means a child evaluated in accordance with §§300.304 through 300.311 as having an intellectual disability, a hearing impairment (including deafness), a speech or language impairment, a visual impairment (including blindness), a serious emotional disturbance (referred to in this part as “

What are the categories of special needs?

There are four major types of special needs children:

  • Physical – muscular dystrophy, multiple sclerosis, chronic asthma, epilepsy, etc.
  • Developmental – down syndrome, autism, dyslexia, processing disorders.
  • Behavioral/Emotional – ADD, bi-polar, oppositional defiance disorder, etc.

Is IEP considered a disability?

Fact: To qualify for special education services (and an IEP), a student must meet two criteria. First, he must be formally diagnosed as having a disability as defined under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). Learn more about the process of getting an IEP with our IEP Roadmap.

Do you need a diagnosis for an IEP?

Being diagnosed by a doctor does not guarantee that your child qualifies for an IEP. However, the process is simple. The first step is writing a formal letter to the school. In the letter you need to include the specific reason you are requesting an evaluation and give consent for the school to evaluate your child.

What are the 21 types of disabilities?

21 Types of Disabilities
  • Blindness.
  • Low-vision.
  • Leprosy Cured persons.
  • Hearing Impairment.
  • Locomotor Disability.
  • Dwarfism.
  • Intellectual Disability.
  • Mental Illness.

What are the 13 Exceptionalities in special education?

The term applies to open or closed head injuries resulting in impairments in one or more areas, such as cognition; language; memory; attention; reasoning; abstract thinking; judgment; problem-solving; sensory, perceptual, and motor abilities; psychosocial behavior; physical functions; information processing; and speech

What disabilities are not covered under IDEA?

The term does not include learning problems that are primarily the result of visual, hearing, or motor disabilities; of intellectual disability; of emotional disturbance; or of environmental, cultural, or economic disadvantage.

What are the 3 types of learning disabilities?

The term learning disability encompasses many different learning differences. The three main types of learning disabilities are: reading disabilities, written language disabilities, and math disabilities. Each type of LD can include several different disorders.

What is the most common disability?

The most common disability type, mobility, affects 1 in 7 adults. With age, disability becomes more common, affecting about 2 in 5 adults age 65 and older. “At some point in their lives, most people will either have a disability or know someone who has a one,” said Coleen Boyle, Ph.

What are the 4 categories of disabilities?

This article introduced some of the issues and challenges faced by online learners who have disabilities by providing an overview of four major disability categories: visual impairments, hearing impairments, motor impairments, and cognitive impairments.

What are the 5 disability categories?

Different types of disabilities
  • vision Impairment.
  • deaf or hard of hearing.
  • mental health conditions.
  • intellectual disability.
  • acquired brain injury.
  • autism spectrum disorder.
  • physical disability.

What are the top 10 disabilities?

Here are 10 of the most common conditions that are considered disabilities.
  • Arthritis and other musculoskeletal problems.
  • Heart disease.
  • Lung or respiratory problems.
  • Mental illness, including depression.
  • Diabetes.
  • Stroke.
  • Cancer.
  • Nervous system disorders.

What qualifies as a learning disability?

Learning disabilities are due to genetic and/or neurobiological factors that alter brain functioning in a manner which affects one or more cognitive processes related to learning. These processing problems can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing and/or math.

What is an emotionally disturbed child?

Emotional disturbance means a condition exhibiting one or more of the following characteristics over a long period of time and to a marked degree that adversely affects a child's educational performance: (A) An inability to learn that cannot be explained by intellectual, sensory, or health factors.

What are the 13 IEP classifications?

Identifying Information
  • Autism.
  • Deafness.
  • Deaf-blindness.
  • Emotional disturbance.
  • Hearing impairment.
  • Intellectual disability.
  • Learning disability.
  • Multiple disabilities.

What disability category is ADHD?

However, ADHD falls under the category “Other Health Impaired” and not under “Specific Learning Disabilities.” Individuals with ADHD can also qualify for accommodations under the ADA and Section 504 if their ADHD impacts a major life function such as learning.

What is a disability?

A disability is any condition of the body or mind (impairment) that makes it more difficult for the person with the condition to do certain activities (activity limitation) and interact with the world around them (participation restrictions).

What are the multiple disabilities?

"Multiple disabilities" means concomitant impairments (such as mental retardation blindness, mental retardation-orthopedic impairment, etc.), the combination of which causes such severe educational needs that they cannot be accommodated in special education programs solely for one of the impairments.

Does every student with a disability qualify for services?

Students with disabilities may not be excluded from participating in nonacademic services and extracurricular activities on the basis of disability. Persons with disabilities must be provided an opportunity to participate in nonacademic services that is equal to that provided to persons without disabilities.

What disabilities are covered under Section 504?

They include such conditions and diseases as specific learning disabilities, diabetes, epilepsy, and allergy. A disability such as a limp, paralysis, total blindness or deafness is usually obvious to others. But hidden disabilities such as low vision, poor hearing, heart disease, or chronic illness may not be obvious.

What is dysgraphia?

Dysgraphia can appear as difficulties with spelling and/or trouble putting thoughts on paper. Dysgraphia is a neurological disorder that generally appears when children are first learning to write. Experts are not sure what causes it, but early treatment can help prevent or reduce problems.

Do special needs know they are special?

A person who is born with some kind of disabilities might not know or they might know. It really depends on the caregivers, their own environment, and others who understand that person has a disability, but if they treat him/her like a person who's no different from them.

What is the most common type of special needs?

5 Most Common Learning Disabilities
  1. Dyslexia. Dyslexia is perhaps the best known learning disability.
  2. ADHD. Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder has affected more than 6.4 million children at some point.
  3. Dyscalculia. Math is another major area of concern when it comes to learning disabilities.
  4. Dysgraphia.
  5. Processing Deficits.

Is it OK to say special needs?

Don't use the terms “handicapped,” “differently-abled,” “cripple,” “crippled,” “victim,” “retarded,” “stricken,” “poor,” “unfortunate,” or “special needs.” It is okay to use words or phrases such as “disabled,” “disability,” or “people with disabilities” when talking about disability issues.

What are the 14 categories of special education?

These are federal terms and definitions.
  • Autism.
  • Deaf-Blindness.
  • Deafness.
  • Developmental Delay.
  • Emotional Disturbance.
  • Hearing Impairment.
  • Intellectual Disability (formerly known as Mental Retardation)
  • Multiple Disabilities.

What are the difficulties of a special child?

Children with special needs or learning difficulties often have difficulties with communication. Some children require speech and language therapy to improve, and others need greater intervention and perhaps the addition of some form of communication system or device.

What are the different levels of special education?

What Is the Range of Special Education Students' Disabilities?
  • Categories of Disability According to IDEA. The Disabilities Education Act, or IDEA, defines what constitutes a child with disability under law.
  • Mild/Moderate Disabilities. If a student can be part of the general education classroom, their disability can range from mild to moderate.
  • Moderate/Severe Disabilities.
  • Autism.

Is Aspergers a special needs?

If a school aged student is diagnosed with high functioning Autism or Asperger's Syndrome (hereinafter referred to collectively as “Asperger's”) and has special needs that rise to the level of requiring special education services, he or she would be classified and receive an Individualized Education Plan (“IEP”).

How do you know if someone is special needs?

If you suspect your child may have a special need, you'll want to find out as soon as possible.

Autism

  1. lack of babbling or pointing by age one.
  2. lack of any single words by 16 months age.
  3. lack of response to name being called.
  4. poor eye contact.
  5. excessive need for quiet and order.
  6. lack of smiling or responsiveness to others.