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WHO dengue classification 2009?

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David Richardson

Updated on February 19, 2026

WHO dengue classification 2009?

Figure 2. Dengue classification according to the World Health Organization guidelines issued in 2009. Dengue is classified as dengue with or without warning signs and severe dengue. Diagnosis of dengue requires the presence of fever and at least 2 clinical findings or any warning signs.

People also ask, wHO dengue criteria?

The definition of DHF consists of 4 clinical criteria: fever, a hemorrhagic tendency (spontaneous bleeding or a positive tourniquet test result), thrombocytopenia (platelet count, ≤100000 cells/mm³), and plasma leakage as shown by pleural effusion, ascites, or ≥20% hemoconcentration.

Likewise, what is dengue without warning signs? 3) classify dengue according to levels of severity: dengue without warning signs; dengue with warning signs (abdominal pain, persistent vomiting, fluid accumulation, mucosal bleeding, lethargy, liver enlargement, increasing haematocrit with decreasing platelets); and severe dengue (dengue with severe plasma leakage,

Simply so, what is probable dengue?

Cases are classified as suspected dengue if they are compatible with the clinical description. They are classified as probable dengue if they are compatible with the clinical definition and satisfy one or more of the following criteria: Occurrence at the same location and time as other confirmed cases of dengue fever.

What should be monitored in dengue?

If you have severe dengue fever, you may need: Supportive care in a hospital. Intravenous (IV) fluid and electrolyte replacement. Blood pressure monitoring.

Call your doctor right away if you develop any of the following:

Decreased urination.
Few or no tears.
Dry mouth or lips.
Lethargy or confusion.
Cold or clammy extremities.

What is dengue with warning signs?

3) classify dengue according to levels of severity: dengue without warning signs; dengue with warning signs (abdominal pain, persistent vomiting, fluid accumulation, mucosal bleeding, lethargy, liver enlargement, increasing haematocrit with decreasing platelets); and severe dengue (dengue with severe plasma leakage,

How do you confirm dengue?

Doctors can diagnose dengue infection with a blood test to check for the virus or antibodies to it. If you become sick after traveling to a tropical area, let your doctor know. This will allow your doctor to evaluate the possibility that your symptoms were caused by a dengue infection.

What are the stages of dengue?

The course of infection is divided into three phases: febrile, critical, and recovery. The febrile phase involves high fever, potentially over 40 °C (104 °F), and is associated with generalized pain and a headache; this usually lasts two to seven days. Nausea and vomiting may also occur.

How long does dengue take to cure?

Most cases of dengue fever go away within a week or two and won't cause any lasting problems. If someone has severe symptoms of the disease, or if symptoms get worse in the first day or two after the fever goes away, seek immediate medical care.

What is the test for dengue?

Two primary types of testing are available: Molecular testing (polymerase chain reaction, PCR)—this type of test detects the genetic material of the dengue virus in blood within the first week after symptoms appear (fever) and can be used to determine which of the 4 serotypes is causing the infection.

Why does dengue cause leukopenia?

This study may suggest that leukopenia in dengue fever may be caused by virus-induced destruction or inhibition of myeloid progenitor cells. Thrombocytopenia may result from by destruction of peripheral platelet or bone marrow megakaryocytes by viruses which consequently reduce the platelet production.

What is dengue fever caused by?

Dengue fever is caused by any one of four types of dengue viruses spread by mosquitoes that thrive in and near human lodgings. When a mosquito bites a person infected with a dengue virus, the virus enters the mosquito. When the infected mosquito then bites another person, the virus enters that person's bloodstream.

What happens to hematocrit in dengue?

A hematocrit level increase greater than 20% is a sign of hemoconcentration and precedes shock. The hematocrit level should be monitored at least every 24 hours to facilitate early recognition of dengue hemorrhagic fever and every 3-4 hours in severe cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome.

What are the symptoms of severe dengue?

These warning signs typically accompany a decrease in temperature (below 38 deg C) and include:

Severe abdominal pain.
Rapid breathing.
Persistent vomiting.
Blood in vomit.
Fluid accumulation in the body.
Mucosal (gums and nose) bleeding.
Liver enlargement.
Rapid decrease in platelet count.

What happens in dengue shock syndrome?

The Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS) is characterized by bleeding that may appear as tiny spots of blood on the skin (petechiae) and larger patches of blood under the skin (ecchymoses). Shock may cause death within 12 to 24 hours. Patients can recover following appropriate medical treatment.

How is tourniquet test done for dengue fever?

How to do a Tourniquet Test

Inflate the cuff to a point midway between SBP and DBP and maintain for minutes. ( 100 + 70) ÷ 2 = 85 mm Hg.
Reduce and wait 2 minutes.
A positive test is 10 or more petechiae per 1 square inch.

Is vomiting common in dengue?

Severe dengue initially presents with the common symptoms of dengue fever such as fever, intense headache, aches and pains, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, skin rashes and leukopenia (reduction in white blood cells). A positive tourniquet test is also a sign of dengue fever. Persistent vomiting. Blood in vomit.

How do you rule out dengue?

Diagnosing Dengue Fever

Doctors can diagnose dengue infection with a blood test to check for the virus or antibodies to it. If you become sick after traveling to a tropical area, let your doctor know. This will allow your doctor to evaluate the possibility that your symptoms were caused by a dengue infection.

Why is there liver enlargement in dengue?

Elevation of liver enzymes can occur with or without hepatomegaly. Significant rise of liver enzymes helps in recognition of severe forms of dengue infection (DHF and DSS). Presence of fever, jaundice and hepatomegaly in endemic areas should arouse the suspicion of dengue hepatitis.

When should we do dengue test?

When to get the test done: It is advised to undergo a dengue antibody IgM test, if you are experiencing symptoms of dengue for more than a week or 10 days. This is because IgM levels are detectable in 50% of patients by day 3 after the onset of illness, which increases to 80% by day 5 and 99% by day 10.

What is classical dengue?

Classic dengue fever, or “break bone fever,” is characterized by acute onset of high fever 3–14 days after the bite of an infected mosquito. Symptoms include frontal headache, retro-orbital pain, myalgias, arthralgias, hemorrhagic manifestations, rash, and low white blood cell count.

What is plasma leakage?

Plasma leakage is a process in which the protein rich, fluid component of the blood leaks from blood vessels into the surrounding tissue. Plasma leakage is the most serious complication that distinguishes dengue from severe dengue. For some dengue patients, as fever begins to disappear, severe dengue will develop.

What is Stage 4 dengue?

The characteristic symptoms of dengue are sudden-onset fever, headache (typically located behind the eyes), muscle and joint pains, and a rash. A rash occurs in 50–80% of those with symptoms in the first or second day of symptoms as flushed skin, or later in the course of illness (days 4–7), as a measles-like rash.

What is the first sign of dengue fever?

Dengue fever is a disease caused by a family of viruses transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. Symptoms of dengue fever include severe joint and muscle pain, swollen lymph nodes, headache, fever, exhaustion, and rash. The presence of fever, rash, and headache (the "dengue triad") is characteristic of dengue fever.

What is the critical stage of dengue?

Severe dengue. A patient enters what is called the critical phase normally about 3-7 days after illness onset. It is at this time, when the fever is dropping (below 38°C/100°F) in the patient, that warning signs associated with severe dengue can manifest.

What is the last stage of dengue?

The course of infection is divided into three phases: febrile, critical, and recovery. The febrile phase involves high fever, potentially over 40 °C (104 °F), and is associated with generalized pain and a headache; this usually lasts two to seven days.

How recover from dengue fast?

Diet tips for dengue for fast recovery

Foods to eat.
Papaya leaf juice. Papaya leaf juice is a quite famous remedy for dengue fever.
Vegetable juices. Vegetables are rich in essential nutrients.
Coconut water. It is recommended to drink coconut water in dengue to avoid dehydration.
Herbal tea.
Neem leaves.
Foods to avoid.

Does dengue mosquito bite at night?

The popular notion that dengue-causing mosquito Aedes aegypti strikes only during morning hours is a myth. "Research has now proved that these mosquitoes bite during the night too, in areas where there is light.

Can dengue be cured at home?

Juice of Papaya Leaves

Another very effective remedy is drinking papaya leaf juice. Papaya leaves are known to be the natural cure for dengue fever. The leaves have a mix of nutrients and organic compounds which help in increasing your platelet count.

Is Dengue self curable?

Dengue fever is not curable, but there are ways to treat the symptoms. Aspects associated with Dengue: First of all we can say that dengue is a self limiting disease in most of the cases. There is no specific medicine to treat dengue infection.

What should not be eaten in dengue?

Some foods are the worst for dengue fever. You need to avoid some foods to keep the progress of your treatment under control. Some of the foods you must avoid include- oily and fried foods, caffeine, carbonated drinks, spicy food and foods high in fats.

Which IV fluid is best for dengue?

For patients with DSS and the 30% of non-shocked dengue patients who require intravenous fluid therapy, a range of solutions is available for plasma volume support. Crystalloid solutions, such as normal 0·9% saline or Ringer's lactate, are the ones most commonly used.

What is the best medicine for dengue fever?

Acetaminophen (Tylenol, others) can alleviate pain and reduce fever. Avoid pain relievers that can increase bleeding complications — such as aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) and naproxen sodium (Aleve, others). If you have severe dengue fever, you may need: Supportive care in a hospital.

Can antibiotics be given in dengue fever?

Because a virus causes dengue fever, there are no specific antibiotics to treat it. Antiviral medications are also not indicated for dengue fever. For typical dengue, the treatment is concerned with relief of the symptoms and signs.

Is Hospitalisation necessary for dengue?

Doctors say most dengue cases can be managed in the outpatient departments of hospitals and only the most severe cases need hospitalisation. The World Health Organisation or WHO has released an advisory on the symptoms in patients that should lead to hospitalisation.

Can you get dengue twice?

A patient can get dengue from two or more different strains of dengue. Hence a patient can suffer from dengue more than once. When Dengue Strikes Twice: Basically the virus causing dengue fever comes in four strains, and immunity to one seems to make infection by a second strain more dangerous.

Does dengue have a vaccine?

Dengue vaccine is a vaccine used to prevent dengue fever in humans. As of 2019, one version is commercially available, known as CYD-TDV, and sold under the brand name Dengvaxia.

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